In company valuation, the most often used multiples are PER, PBR, and PSR. PER is the ratio of stock price per share to earnings per share. Since most startups have negative earnings, you cannot use PER in starup. It is the reason why you should know PBR or PSR for startup valuation. After this module, you will be able to explain the concept of those multiples and calculate them easily.

Investors often talk about the pre-money or post-money valuation of a company at the time they invest. This module will introduce you to concepts of pre-money and post-money valuation. By the end of this module, you can distinguish pre-money and post-money valuation.

Financial statements summarize information about a firm. In order to evaluate and diagnose performance for your startup, your first step is to assess the company’s current condition and interpret financial statements. Thus, through this module, you will briefly learn main financial statements: balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement.

In this module, you will learn cash flow identity which consists of cash flow to assets and cash flow to creditors and stockholders. Furthermore, you are able to calculate cash flow. Basically, this module is strongly related to module 3, financial statements. Students are encouraged to review all contents in module 3. Lastly, wrap-up review lecture are provided.