We talked about actually as a peripheral. The touch sensation. The mechanical sensory channel, and also the temperature. Channel. The trip channel. So, with those information, connect to the peripheral. This is a signal to again, to send to the brain, okay? The pass way will be from the, there's no ending to the aorta neuron right? And then will go to the spinal column. Spinal cord, then you will have two pathways. One is through the second autoneuron in the spinal cord, then they relay the information to the brain. But actually, the route, there is another branch, result in a way to the spine goes directly to the brain. Right? Okay. So, when those information go to the brain, let's see, this is the pathway for the tough. Okay. Very simple. Take a look. This is the spinal cord. This is the DRG, the cell body, right? It gets the information from the skin, and then it will go to the dorsal home [FOREIGN] then they relate the information to the medulla, [FOREIGN] nuclear, [FOREIGN] okay? [FOREIGN] Columns nuclear. [FOREIGN] Then the information will relate to the somatosensory cortex. [FOREIGN] So, as we discussed before, so what are the other kinds? There's an auditory system. Go to the brain, it will be relayed by the. By. [FOREIGN] Okay, so these pathway is actually quite straightforward, right? For the pain pathways, it's a little bit different. Take a look here. This is a pain pathway. Now, the pain information connected by the neuron. And then, they will again, enter through the dorsal horn. So [FOREIGN]. But then the information, the neuron will cross. [FOREIGN] Spinal cord [FOREIGN] does propagate to [FOREIGN] [FOREIGN] this too, pass away, keep separate. So, these too pass away had different, right? Why is actually below this medulla, [FOREIGN] you can touch the sensation, [FOREIGN] spinal cord [FOREIGN] okay? [FOREIGN] The doctors can use this information to [FOREIGN] the patient. Which side the spinal cord [FOREIGN] for example [FOREIGN] [FOREIGN] okay? This is the pathway to the cortex, let's take a look at this cortex. Of course, the information, when they propagate from the DRG to each relay center, the signal already different, okay? They are different. Already have been processed. [FOREIGN] But the most complicated processing [FOREIGN] let's take a look at the cortex. This cortex, actually, is of course, we talk about actually, the somatosensory cortex [FOREIGN], okay? [FOREIGN] A cortex. [FOREIGN] 3B. [FOREIGN] 3B [FOREIGN] Primary somatosensory cortex [FOREIGN]. Why? It's because within this layer of 3b to receive most intense input from the sediment. Okay? [FOREIGN] A somatosensory cortex, right? For this cortex, we talked about it before. How many layers? I'll show you. Cortex [FOREIGN] [FOREIGN] Six layers, right? [FOREIGN] The cortex. [FOREIGN] Cortex. [FOREIGN] LGN [INAUDIBLE] exactly, good. So, [FOREIGN] okay? Good. [INAUDIBLE] Three piece layout to further send the information to this, region one, and the two, because this is the somatosensory cortex, right? They send the information to one, region one, it means the texture of the stimulus, okay? And the size and the shape, then send it to region two. [FOREIGN] 3a also receives some input from. We talked about, actually, the cortex organization before. Six layers, and also, we talked about actually. [FOREIGN] Okay, so here, similar thing happen. [FOREIGN] Principle. This is the cortex organization, okay? The principle is actually. Here, take a look. This somatosensory cortex. [FOREIGN] Colon information. That is actually, for a small region, that is responsible for similar future stimulation. For example [FOREIGN]. [FOREIGN] Okay? In the vision system, we talking about another issue, especially there are some nerves there. A map in the cortex, actually, corresponding to the map you see in the retina, that kind of map. [FOREIGN] Cortex [FOREIGN]. We talk about that, also, in the auditory system. It's the frequency map. [FOREIGN] There was a map this one again similar. This one actually the old days actually is the [FOREIGN] a very famous one. Penfield. [FOREIGN] They need operation. [FOREIGN]
