Using this horse, we're now going to go through some directional terms that we use to describe anatomy. It's important to be able to describe things accurately when you deal with anatomy. So, the first terms I'll go through is the terms cranial and caudal. So, when you're looking at the animal, if you talking about any cranial direction you talk you're going towards the cranium of the animal, towards the head. If you talking about a caudal direction you're going towards the tail. That works all over the animal except on the head cause when you're on the head, when you're on the cranium you can't really move in the cranial direction, can't move towards it. So, what the terms we use then, we still use caudal for moving towards the tail, but towards the nose collar in the rostral direction. So, that's because it's towards the rostrum here. The other term that we use is dorsal and ventral. Dorsal would be towards the back of the animals facing upwards and the ventral is the belly of the animal. So, that's the ventral aspect and that's the dorsal aspect. When we're looking at the limbs of the animal there's a few terms again. So, again, we use cranial and caudal for the front of the leg and the back of the leg, but for going down the leg we use the term distally. So, when you're moving away from the main trunk of the animals towards the floor you're moving in a distal direction, when you're moving back up again you're moving in a proximal direction. So, for example, my wrist is distal to my elbow while my shoulder would be proximal to my elbow. The other term that we use on the limbs is also medial and lateral. So, when I'm on the inside of the leg here that would be the medial aspect and on the outside on the aspect here would be lateral. Then I need to use one of my student models. You want to come and give us a hand? So, the funny thing is this is one of the terms that comes from human anatomy rather than animal anatomy and it fits better for humans, because when you get to the wrist on a human, you would talk about the dorsal aspect which is this part of your hand. Turn it over on the palm of a hand, that's the palmar aspect. And this is the same terms that we use for the animal, although the wrist on a horse would actually be this here. This is the carpus and below the carpus then we use the same term. So this, instead of saying caudal head, we call this palmar and we would call this for dorsal. Similarly, if I can borrow your leg. Okay. So, on the foot, this is your ankle. So, when you get from the ankle, you again call this area here for dorsal and underneath here you would call the plantar aspect. And again, these terms are used in animals, but the equivalent of the ankle on the horse sort of anywhere would be up here. So again, this would be cranial, below this tarsus or the hock of the animal, you would be calling it the dorsal aspect, and at the back here would be the plantar aspect.