[MUSIC] Hi. Welcome to the last video of the, of this interaction about the nature of emotions. In this specific session, we will talk about where, where do emotions happen? I know the answer. Obviously, and I think that you, too. But. The answer is very simple. Here, in the brain. But, specifically, where in the brain? We will find a specific area called the lymbic system, in which most of the called emotional processes are performed by, by this area. According to a very classic and perhaps old way of understanding the, the brain as a evolutionary machine that has been adding layers of functional performing activities. The brain initially performed very basic activities regarding to basic bodily management processes and these belong to the reptilian brain. Secondly, emerge a second level. Control area called the lymbic system that add the capacity of, of create values for the informational inputs, internal or external. And finally, emerge the neocortex. The, the upper level on the evolutionary process of human beings and that made possible the emergence of the modern sapiens, the emergence of the symbolic processes. Inside the, this brain here of the amygdala, we can find the lymbic system. Does it mean that we are faced to a, to a brain reda, reductionism that we called dog, brain, dat, brainductionism? It's a very stupid word I have invented just for this session, I know. But the truth is that the trend or the fashion towards the neu, neural methods that make possible the analysis of several actions. Has put a lot of people to talk about neuro-ethics, neuro commission of dance, neuro-marketing, neuro-economics, neuro-politics. Neuro, neuro, neuro, neuro. Neuro, everything, everything is neuro. It's true. Yes, it's like if we talk about atomic medicine, atomic dance atomic, everything contains atoms, so it's not that scarce. But, it's understandable. Why? Because, well, the brain is, is, is placed into the, into the body and at the same time. There are other bodily mechanisms that are modulated by the brain but that happens independently of, of of it, that can be placed into the hormonal systems. Into the neuro-modulator systems, into the hormones. I will show you two examples, the first one, of one is oxytocin, oxytocin. Oxytocin is called the hormone of love because it's a hormone is released after, after sexual intercourse, intercourses. And make possible the establishment of, of long-term bonds among, among the practitioners of those sexual practices. Because a person who experiences the releasement of in, oxytocin into his system, bodily system, feels the necessity of maintain a relationship with that person. It explains why we try to re, repeat with the same person, or not. [LAUGH] And secondly, adrenalin, that it's an an hormone that produce a bodily reaction. Preparation towards a fearful menace. For example, when something, somebody's trying to, to attack us and our heart start to, to produce higher movement. A more intense, a more intense movement just to produce more intense flow of blood that distribute more oxygen in to the muscles. And produce specific responses that makes, make possible a fast reaction to a, a situation that is dangerous. But it's not only gold that glitters. But, for example there's a person called Dale Decker in the United States that experienced more than 100 involuntary orgasms each day so, it's not funny. I, I, I think that, and I can understand that. Some of you can think, well, this is fantastic, 100 orgasms each day, but no, because he experienced this, this specific reward that was created by involuntary forces. In specific situations, by which has not a specific meaning, it's the same that happens with chronic pain. Pain has a rationally expression and it's understandable. And last of all, thanks to,uh, actual reaction, a specific actual reaction activities. But when it's chronic, you can, you has nothing against to react to. The same happens with this kind of, of physical reaction. In fact because of so many orgasms, he has not sex with his couple, because it has no sense. And it affects his personal life, because he has a family. It, it's not so, so funny, and nothing, it's white or, or. Or dark. Just, there are several degrees between any kind of of things in which you can study. For example, between black and white realities. The world is much more complex than clear separations. This explains why, for example [COUGH] people with specific hormonal disorders have very specific cognitive problems. Or even they experiment in, they, our bodies emotional flavors of the world that affect how they will interact. For example, if you need to decide something very important in a very specific moment in your, of your life, [COUGH] it's not the same eh, if you are happy or you are depressed. That surely the, the analysis of this situation and even the possible outcomes of that situation is not the same. So emotion affect entirely how we will make things with the information that we have. At the same time, we have discovered, and very recently, has been possible to, to obtain a bodily map of emotions that the fact that emotions are not happening inside the brain. Emotions are felt, dis, distributively across the body. We can feel more intensively, one emotion in one section of the body, and another one in another one. And it is not a deep dire correlation between two physical interaction. Happiness is more broadly distributed than disgust, disgust has a more upper body section inter, interaction than happiness that affects the whole the whole body. So, the end remarks of this section are three. First one is the lymbic system is the main area of the emotional processes. But at the same time, the emotional processing is distributed among the brain and the body. And finally, bodily state affect, affect brain and consequently to cognitive processes. Thank you so much. Hope to see you in the next section.
