[MUSIC] Hi, in this video, we're going to talk about adaptive change and technical change as we consider our change management strategies. When we think about the work that's technical in nature, these are problems for which there's a clear definition. The solution is fairly clear and it requires very little learning. Also, the responsibility for who should implement such a solution is clear between the leader and the followers. Adaptive change, on the other hand, requires changes in attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, and that there's a shared responsibility for the change. Leaders have part of that responsibility as do the staff and key stakeholders. When we think about organizational problems, often, there's a technical and adaptive component to the implementation or to any change. And it's important that we recognize and distinguish the interventions that will address technical challenges and adaptive challenges. Let's talk about a couple of examples of technical work. First of all, using evidence based guidelines are a form of technical work. They have been studied. They've been identified. The roles for who implements them are often very clear. Installing a new electronic medical record also, a technical intervention. Implementing a new piece of equipment or technology. How to do it? The equipment needed, the training is very clear. Who uses it? Who maintains it? All very technical. The redesign of a hospital, also technical. Changing, putting buildings up, renovating existing space. In contrast, examples of adaptive work are changing culture, improving the safety culture, improving engagement, improving our teamwork, how teams work together. How we improve communication between team members, in living our values. You can see how many of these adaptive examples of work are all also very important to consider when implementing some of the technical examples that we provided. Here's one example of an ICU's efforts to reduce central line associated bloodstream infections over time. You can see the rate declined dramatically over the time period of this team's work. However, it wasn't just one thing that changed, they had multiple, whole series of interventions that they implemented. Some were technical and some were adaptive. You can see in this graph the grey ones were the more technical interventions. The blue ones, the light blue ones, were the more adaptive changes. But both were necessary for the ultimate success. I want to leave you with this quote from Linsky and Heifetz. The single biggest failure of leadership is to treat adaptive challenges like technical problems. It's important you keep this in mind as you're leading change.