Next on our agenda is safe planning and design. Next, our activities to undertake upon selecting a project site, we need to acquire access to the site that maybe to purchase the land, lease the land, contract with the land or rooftop owner. Evaluate site characteristics such as topology, geology, and its drainage. Create a site layout plan, the boundaries, equipment that will be needed, civil infrastructure such as roads, and access to the grid. And plan needed civil infrastructure again, including roads, buildings, and security. And engage local stakeholders, neighbors, NGOs, businesses, anyone that has an interest in the project. Given the duration of renewable energy projects will need to acquire long term use of a project site. We can purchase the land outright if it's available, we can sign a private land lease. These are typically 25 years in duration and limit land use and further development. Lease will also include terms about ancillary site development, such as roads, grading, drainage, and maintenance. If it's government land, we may be able to sign a government lease or permit. This will secure the use of the government land or offshore site if it's an offshore wind turbine project and the terms will vary widely depending on circumstances. Next, we will need to undertake a detailed evaluation of site characteristics and challenges, these are very widely depending on the type of project that we're building. We may need to know solar insulation across the site, wind characteristics across the site, geology and topography on the site, rooftop requirements if we're building on a rooftop. Land requirements, vegetation on the land on the site, shading and fouling possibilities on the site, and weather at the site. All of these will be important as we plan the design of the project. So now, based on our detailed site evaluation, we will create a site plan for design and layout of the project. This will include site boundaries, equipment location, and their orientation, ongoing access to the site, meaning roads or other infrastructure. And technology specific issues such as shading and fouling for solar projects, wind speeds and directions for wind projects. Canyon geology for hydropower, subsurface geology for geothermal projects. Current and waves for oceanic energy, and access to feedstocks for biomass projects. We will also need to plan for ancillary construction to support energy production. This may include roadways for wind and solar PV farms, power generating plants for geothermal hydropower and concentrating solar power plants. Outbuildings for control, operations and maintenance, and security. Electricity substations may be required. Drainage and runoff needs to be planned for and accounted for. And finally, we want to plan for landscaping in security fencing. We also want to engage local site stakeholders, including local individuals and offices interested in renewable energy projects. We want to talk to neighbors about noise, flicker smells, and traffic, their viewescapes if their cultural sites and not in my backyard concerns. I want to talk to renewable energy offices and advocates, these maybe energy NGOs, government offices, citizen interest groups, student groups, and so forth. We want to engage environmental groups for wildlife, marine life, air equality and we'll need to know about any cultural and heritage issues that arise with our site. And finally, we want to talk to the local utility and transmission and distribution providers to understand their needs and their requirements. We certainly will need to meet with regulatory officials to understand needed permits, licenses, and authorizations. We should do this early, so there are no surprises. We need to identify needed permits, regulations and licensing such as operating licenses, building and zoning permits, land use requirements, environmental impact studies, stormwater control and possibly many others. We need to submit a permit and license applications early, track the application progress and ensure timely feedback. In summary, here's a checklist of activities to acquire the land and layout the project site. First we need access to the site, evaluate site characteristics, create a site layout plan, plan needed civil infrastructure, and meet with regulatory officials and engage local stakeholders.
